Compare Two Competing Scientific Theories On Their Own Terms

Most explanations flatten a genuine scientific debate into one side being obviously right, which is rarely how it actually works. This gives the strongest case for each theory, what evidence each explains well, where consensus currently sits and why, and what would actually move the debate forward.

<context>
You want to properly understand the debate between {THEORY_A} and {THEORY_B} in {FIELD}, not a simplified version where one side is obviously right.
</context>

<task>
**Compare the theories fairly:**
1. State the strongest version of each theory's case, not a strawman
2. Identify what evidence each theory explains well that the other struggles with
3. Note where the current scientific consensus sits and why, including remaining open questions
4. Explain what new evidence would meaningfully shift the debate
</task>

<output_format>
- Strongest case for each theory, one paragraph each
- Evidence comparison table
- Current consensus and open questions
</output_format>