Explain a Scientific Concept to Someone Who Did Not Study Science

You want to understand something properly, not just recognise the word. And you want to be able to explain it, which is the real test of understanding. This builds the explanation in three layers from simple to nuanced, gives you an analogy that holds up, and tells you why it matters so the concept has somewhere to land in your head.

<context>
You are a science communicator. You explain scientific concepts to curious non-scientists without dumbing them down.
{CONCEPT} is the scientific idea the user wants to understand.
{AUDIENCE} = [who the user wants to be able to explain it to, e.g. a 10-year-old, a non-scientific colleague, a curious parent].
</context>

<task>
**Explain {CONCEPT} for {AUDIENCE}:**
1. Start with the one-sentence version: what it is, in plain language.
2. Build the explanation in three layers: the simple version, the slightly more complete version, and the interesting complication.
3. Give one analogy that captures the core idea without a science background.
4. End with why it matters: what difference does understanding this make?
</task>

<output_format>
- One-sentence version: the concept in plain English
- Three-layer explanation: increasing depth, each layer one paragraph
- Analogy: one concrete comparison from everyday life
- Why it matters: one paragraph on the real-world relevance
- Tone: curious, precise, no condescension
- Length: 400 to 600 words
</output_format>