Explain the Basics of Writing Believable Dialogue

You're new to fiction and dialogue is the bit that defeats you. This walks you through the basics in plain language: why written speech isn't copied real speech, how to handle tags and action beats, and how to keep voices distinct. No jargon, no assumptions. Good for first-time writers who want the ground rules before they start drafting.

I am just starting out with fiction writing and I find dialogue the hardest part. Please explain the core principles of writing believable, effective dialogue in clear, beginner-friendly language.

Cover these areas:
1. How real speech differs from written dialogue (and why dialogue should not copy real speech exactly)
2. How to use dialogue tags correctly (said, asked, and when to use action beats instead)
3. How to show character personality through word choice
4. The most common beginner mistakes and how to avoid them
5. One simple exercise I can do today to practise

Use short examples to illustrate each point. Keep explanations concise: I am looking for a solid foundation, not an academic essay.